Drill-chuck.



R. M. RUSSELL.

DRILL CHUCK..

APPLIoATIoN FILED Amma, 1909.

1,018,008. Patented Feb. 20, 1912.

M'nesses.

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UNITED sTATEs PATENT oEEIcE.

ROSS IVI. RUSSELL, OF BINGHAMTON, NEW YORK, .ASSIG-NOR TO RUSSELL ANTI- FRICTION DRILL CHUCK COMPANY, OF ELIVIIRA, NEW YORK.

DRILL-CHUCK.

To all whom 'it 'm0/y concern.

Be it known that I, Ross M. RUSSELL, of Binghamton, in the county of Broome, in the State of New York, have invented new and useful Improvements in Drill-Chucks, of which the following, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, is a full, clear, and exact description.

This invention relates to certain improvements in drill chucks involving the use of radially movable tapering jaws and means for opening and closing said jaws upon the shank of the drill or bit. Vhen the jaws are firmly clamped upon the shank of the drill and the device used for drilling or similar purposes, the jaws become firmly set upon the drill to such an extent as to render operation of the jaw releasing mechanism extremely diiicult owing to excessive friction of the screw.

My object is to provide a simple means whereby the aws, however rigidly or firmly set upon the drill shank, may be easily and instant-ly released by a slight turn of the sleeve which controls their opening and clos ing movement.

Other objects and uses relating to specific parts of the device will be brought out in the following description:

In the drawings-Figure l is an elevat-ion partly in section of my improved drill chuck. Figs. 2, 3 and 4: are respectively a longitudinal section and transverse sectional views taken on lines 2 2, 8 3 and H, Fig. l. Figs. 5 and 6 are perspective views of the detached cam sections of the sleeve.

In carrying out the object stated I provide a tubular head -lhaving one end threaded exteriorly at -Q- and provided with a tapering socket -3- in which is fitted a tapering shank iof a rotary drill spindle -5-. The opposite or lower end of the head -lis formed with a central cylindrical opening tiin which is loosely mounted for independent rotation a spindle -7-- having enlarged flanges -8- and -9- spaced apart forming an intervening annular groove for receiving portions of a series of, in this instance, three wedge-shape jaws l0- That is,the inner edges of the jaws -10- near their inner ends are formed with laterally extending grooves -11- which receive the flange 9-, said jaws being also formed with shoulders -12- .which enter the interven- Speccation 0f Letters Patent.

Application filed April 19, 1909.

Patented Feb. 20, 1912.

Serial No. 490,847.

ing groove between the Hanges -8- and -9- so that the jaws are locked against endwise movement relatively to the spindle -7- and head -1- to the flange -9- although said jaws are free to rotate around or relatively to said flanges tiand 9*- and head -1-.

The outer or lower end of the central opening -6- is somewhat enlarged for receiving a hardened wearing ring -13- which is engaged by the base of the flange --8-, which is also hardened to reduce end thrust friction as much as possible without the use of anti-friction rollers 0r balls.

The spindle -7- and flanges -8- and -Qwforming a part thereof are held against endwise movement relatively to the head -1- by means of a stop screw lllwhich enters an annular groove l5- in the spindle -7- and permits said spindle to rotate relatively to the head -l-.

A sleeve -16- is rotatably fitted and mounted upon the head -lbelow the threaded portion -2- and is provided at it-s lower end with a series of, in this` instance three, radial slots -l7- in which are slidably fitted the jaws l0- said jaws having their outer longitudinal edges tapered and provided with lengthwise ribs 18.- which fit in lengthwise grooves or ways -19-, the latter forming lateral enlargement of the outer sides of the slots -17- to hold the jaws against undue inward movement', the outer faces of the jaws being substantially coincident with the periphery of the adjacent portion of the sleeve -l6-.

The central portion ofthe sleeve -16- is threaded exteriorly at -20- and is engaged by an internally threaded sleeve 2lhaving a tapering lower end conforming to the outer tapering faces of the jaws with which it is engaged to hold said jaws in operative position or against outward displacement and at the same time affording additional ways along which the jaws slide in opening and closing the same. The interior diameter of the upper end of the sleeve -16- is somewhat larger than the external diameter of the head -1- for receiving an internally threaded sleeve seotion '22- and an additional externally threaded sleeve section Q3- the latter being screwed into the upper internally threaded end of the sleeve section -16-, as best seen in Figs. 1 and 2. The threaded portion of the sleeve section 23 is, therefore, interposed between the Sections 16 and 22 and when screwed down upon the section M is firmly locked thereto, but is fitted somewhat loosely upon the upper end of the section 2:2 so as to turn freely thereon. The section 16 is also fittedl with an easy fit upon the lower end of the section 22 and both of the sections 16 and 23 are permitted to have a limited rotary and aXial movement relatively to the section 22 for a purpose presently described.

The inner end of the sleeve section 2 and underlying portion of the threaded section 22 are provided with one or more, in this instance a plurality of, interineshing tongues 2et and grooves 25 the grooves being somewhat longer circumferentially than the tongues so as to permit a limited rotary movement of the sleeve sections l6 21 and 23 relatively to the sleeve section 22 The bases of the grooves 25 and preferably the inner ends of the tongues 21 are beveled or inclined in one direction so as to permit a slight endwise movement of the said sleeve sections 1G 21 and 23 relatively to the sleeve section 22 during such rotation in one direction, said sleeve sections 16 21 and 23 being forced in the opposite direction by one or more, in this instance two, springs 26 as best seen in Figs. 1 and 3. Each of the springs 2G is interposed between a shoulder 27 on the sleeve section 22 and an opposed shoulder 28 on the sleeve section 23 and serves to yieldingly hold the sleeve sections 16 21 and .3 in one position with the tongues 2-l in engagement with one side of the grooves 25 as clearly shown in Fig. 1.

The interlocking tongues and grooves M and 25 aside from affording a limited movement of the sleeves 16 21 and 23 relatively to the sleeve section 22 serve to transmit rotary motion to the section 22 as the sleeve sections 16 21 and 23- are rotated by hand, thereby screwing the section 22 in one direction or the other, as may be desired, upon the head 1 to tighten or loosen the jaws 10 upon the drill.

The tongues Q4 are normally held in engagement with the right hand ends of the grooves 2 by the springs 26 and by rotating the sleeve sections 1G 21 and 23 by hand to the right, the sleeve section 22 together with the other sleeve sections just mentioned, are forced upwardly thereby bringing the lower tapering end of the sleeve section 21 against the outer faces of the jaws and moving the latter inwardly to close the same upon the drill spindle or other article adapted to be gripped by the jaws.

Now assuming that the drill has been used for drilling purposes and has become firmly set in the jaws, and that after the drilling is completed it is desired to remove the drill, then by grasping the sleeve sections 16 and 21 by hand and turning them slightly to the left, such sleeve sections, together with the sleeve section 23 may be rotated a limited distance determined by the relative widths of the grooves 2 and inter-fitting tongues 2L1 against the action of the springs 2G and relatively to the sleeve section 22 without rotating the latter, thus causing the tongues M to ride down the inclined bases of the grooves 25 and allowing the sleeve sections 16 21 and 23- to move downwardly by their own gravity assisted by a slight pull of the hand upon the sleeves during the limited rotation, thereby relieving the pressure of the tapering end of the` section 21 upon the tapering faces of the jaws and thus freeing the jaws from holding engagement upon the drill, whereupon the further rotation of the sleeves by hand will cause the sleeve section 22 to be unscrewed to additionally move the sleeve sections downwardly and further release the jaws, and as soon as such rotation of the sleeve ceases by withdrawing the hand therefrom,the springs 26 return the sleeve sections 16 21 and 23 to their normal positions with the tongues 2liin engagement with the right hand ends of the grooves 25 thereby causing a slight elevation of the sleeve sections 16 21 and 23 relatively to the section 2Q- It is now clear that the flange Q not only constitutes a means for holding the jaws against endwise movement relatively to the head 1 but together with the spindle 7 of which it forms a part, rotates with said jaws independently of the head 1 while the sleeves are being rotated to finally tighten the jaws upon the work, or `more Iparticularly during the initial movement of the sleeves to loosen the jaws, thereby avoiding excessive friction between the jaws and flange Q while the jaws are being finally tightened or loosened upon and from the drill, the hardened end thrust bearing surfaces of the washer 13 and adjacent end of the flange S serving to minimize the friction incidental to the independent rotation of the jaw locking member 9 The screw threaded sleeve section 2Q coacting with the threaded port-ion of the head 1 constitutes one means for moving the tapering sleeve 21 endwise to open and close the jaws while the interlocking tongues and grooves of the sleeve sections 22 and 23 constitute auxiliary means for effecting the endwise movement of the tapering sleeve 21- to release the jaws independently of the rotation of the sleeve section -22-, and although I have shown a plurality of such tongues and grooves having beveled contact faces, it is evident that a single tongue and groove having beveled contact faces will perform the same function in conjunction with suitable means for returning the sleeve section -23- to its normal position.

What I claim is- 1. In a drill chuck, a threaded head, a threaded sleeve engaging the threaded portion of the head, a spindle j ournaled in the head and provided with an annular flange, radially movable jaws engaging opposite faces of said flange, means for holding the spindle against endwise movement, a separate sleeve rotatably mounted on the first named sleeve and movable endwise thereof, one of the sleeves having an inclined bearing engaged by the other sleeve for moving the second sleeve axially as it is rotated, means actuated by said axial movement of the second sleeve for moving the jaws radially, and means for limiting the degree of rotation of the second sleeve relatively to the first named sleeve.

2. In a drill chuck, a rotary head, radially movable jaws operatively connected to the head, a rotary tapering sleeve engaging the jaws and movable axially, means brought into action by the rotation of the sleeve in one direction for moving said sleeve axially to open the jaws, an additional sleeve secured to the first named sleeve and engaging the outer edges of said jaws, and additional means for automatically rotating the first named sleeve in the opposite direction a limited distance.

3. In a drill chuck, a rotary threaded head, a threaded sleeve engaging the threaded portion of the head, an annular flange rotatably mounted on the head, means for holding the fiange against endwise movement, radially movable jaws engaging the inner and outer faces of the flange, a second sleeve rotatably mounted on the head and having a limited rotary movement relatively to the first named sleeve, means for limiting such relative rotary movement, means brought into action by thel limited rotary movementl of the second sleeve relatively to the first sleeve for moving the second sleeve axially relatively to the jaws, and means actuated by said axial movement of the second sleeve for moving the jaws radially.-

t. In a drill chuck, a rotary threaded head, a threaded sleeve engaging the threaded head and rotatable thereon, a spindle journaled in the head and provided with an an nular flange, means for holding the spindle against endwise movement, radially movable jaws engaging the inner and outer faces of the flange, a second sleeve rotatable on the head, interlocking connections with a lost motion between the two sleeves whereby the second sleeve has a limited rotary movement relatively to the first named sleeve, said connections including means for moving the second sleeve axially relatively to the first named sleeve as the second sleeve is rotated relatively thereto, and means carried by the second sleeve for moving the jaws radially as said second sleeve is rotated.

5. In a drill chuck, a threaded head, a rotary threaded sleeve section engaged with the threaded head, a second sleeve section rotatable relatively to the rst sleeve section, said sleeve sections being provided with an interfitting tongue and groove, the groove being somewhat wider circumferentially than the tongue to allow a limited rotary movement of the second sleeve section relatively to the first sleeve section in one direction, means for forcing the second sleeve section in the opposite direction, said tongue and groove having inclined contact faces whereby the second sleeve is moved endwise during its limited rotation, a third sleeve section rigidly connected to the second sleeve section and provided with radial slots, jaws movable in said slots, means on the head for. holding the jaws against endwise movement relatively thereto, and a tapering sleeve section secured to the third sleeve section and engaging the outer edges of the jaws for moving the latter radially as the sleeve sections are moved axially.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand this 15th day of April, 1909.

ROSS M. RUSSELL.

Witnesses:

H. E. CHASE, J. M. Hons.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for ve cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C. 

